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<table role="presentation" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="transparent" class="text-section section-content">
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>What U.S. Sanctions on Rwanda Mean</strong></h4><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">On March 2nd, the U.S. Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) announced <a href="https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0411" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">sanctions against the Rwandan Defence Forces (RDF)</span></a> and four senior commanders for their <a href="https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesperson/2026/03/sanctioning-rwandan-violators-of-the-washington-accords-for-peace-and-prosperity" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">direct operational support to M23</span></a> and its affiliates in eastern DRC, conduct the U.S. views as violations of the “Washington Accords for Peace and Prosperity”. The sanctions block any U.S.-held assets of the Rwandan military and the four designated individuals, and prohibit U.S. citizens and financial institutions from transacting with them. Entities doing business with the RDF have until April 1st to wind down their transactions.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The announcement marks a significant escalation in Washington's posture toward Kigali, though members of Congress were quick to underscore Kinshasa's responsibilities as well. Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman Jim Risch <a href="https://www.foreign.senate.gov/press/rep/release/risch-statement-on-rwanda-sanctions" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">stated</span></a> that "the time for posturing is over," calling on Rwanda and M23 to halt their advances immediately, while also pressing the Congolese government and FARDC to "abandon their pursuit of a military solution."</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">While the Congolese government predictably welcomed the sanctions, the <a href="https://x.com/RwandaOGS/status/2028561749801128155" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Rwandan government issued a communiqué</span></a> denouncing them as “unjust” and “one-sided”, claiming they "misrepresent the reality and distort the facts of the conflict." The day after the announcement, M23 defiantly released a video announcing that <a href="https://x.com/LawrenceKanyuka/status/2028901627789492530" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">over 1,500 new recruits had completed training</span></a> and were fully operational. M23 President Bertrand Bisimwa, <a href="https://x.com/bbisimwa/status/2028722387403849734" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">responding&nbsp; to a post</span></a> by Senator Shaheen, ranking member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, argued that M23 could not violate an agreement it never signed (referring to the Washington accords), and that Washington needed “fundamental updates on the conflict”. In line with its longstanding position, the group once again indicated that decisions taken in Washington would not change its course of action.&nbsp;</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Congolese civil society broadly welcomed the measures. Nobel Peace Prize recipient Denis Mukwege <a href="https://x.com/DenisMukwege/status/2028835717615358456?s=20" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">called on the European Union to follow suit</span></a> by suspending security and military cooperation with Rwanda and freezing its budgetary aid support. The South Kivu-based <em>Pamoja kwa Amani </em>coalition described the sanctions as <a href="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/66ad0be8ed0f4b24dda66a3a/t/69a777eed279917478211748/1772582894909/English_PAMOJA+KWA+AMANI+COALITION+PRESS+RELEASE+No04.pdf" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">“decisive step toward the truth” of Rwanda’s involvement in DRC</span></a>, urging Washington "not to settle for symbolic measures" and to maintain maximum pressure until Rwandan troops withdraw from Congolese soil; and for sanctions to "pave the way for international legal proceedings."</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The sanctions are a positive first step, but will require strong enforcement to be effective. The four designated generals are unlikely to hold significant dollar-denominated assets or travel regularly to jurisdictions that will honor the designations. However, the sanctions on the RDF mean that any company in which the RDF holds, directly or indirectly, a 50% or greater stake is automatically sanctioned. Greater impact would follow multilateral buy-in from the EU and UK.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The limited scope of the sanctions is likely shaped, at least in part, by Western partners' reliance on the Rwandan military, which has become a key partner in joint military operations in northern Mozambique funded by the EU’s European Peace Facility, and a major troop contributor to UN Peacekeeping missions in the Central African Republic (where Rwandan forces are deployed to protect President Faustin-Archange Touadera) and South Sudan. This article from <a href="http://theafricareport.com/410616/us-sanctions-on-rwandan-military-raise-risk-of-doing-business/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">the Africa Report</span></a> offers an helpful overview on how the sanctions might affect the cost of doing business with Rwanda.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Rwanda has long absorbed pressure and criticism over its role in DRC without fundamentally altering its posture. While symbolically significant<strong>, </strong>these sanctions may not be sufficient to shift Kigali’s calculus. Rwanda operates from a stated belief that it is fighting for its own survival against “genocidal threat” from DRC. That framing, paired with the Rwandan Patriotic Front’s (RPF) tight grip on domestic politics–which renders meaningful opposition impossible–means there is no credible internal constituency pushing back against the war, insulating Kagame’s government from the kind of internal pressure that might otherwise force it to reevaluate its options. Kagame himself has made his defiance clear: a month ago, he declared that he would not allow himself to be “choked” by sanctions, and that he would rather “<a href="https://x.com/StanysBujakera/status/2019370856271712652" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">choke by being defiant and tell them to go to hell</span></a>”.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The current sanctions represent one step in a broader arsenal that Washington has not yet fully deployed. A more consequential escalation would be targeting Crystal Ventures, the RPF's private holding company often described as its financial arm. As the country's second-largest employer and a central pillar of the Rwandan economy, such a designation would have considerably broader economic consequences and likely force a reckoning in Kigali. Some observers, including Human Rights Watch, have argued that <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2026/03/03/us-sanctions-rwandan-army-commanders" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">measures should be broadened</span></a> to include Congolese officials or allied armed groups whose conduct also endangers civilians.&nbsp;</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">It should be noted that by stopping short of an arms embargo or individual sanctions against President Kagame and other senior Rwandan officials, the Trump administration appears to be preserving space for a diplomatic resolution while signaling that a more severe escalation remains on the table. It is too soon to tell if this approach will be sufficient to compel Kigali to genuinely alter its support to M23 or its military presence in eastern DRC.</p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>DRC News Round-Up</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">In the early hours of February 24th, a <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/least-nine-dead-congo-drone-strike-that-killed-rebel-spokesperson-sources-say-2026-02-25/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">FARDC drone strike killed M23 military spokesman Willy Ngoma</span></a> and at least eight others, near Masisi territory’s Rubaya mine. Ngoma was one of the group’s most senior and visible political figures. <em>Reuters</em> reports that the strike narrowly missed the group’s military commander Sultani Makenga. This development highlights <a href="https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1769840/politique/est-de-la-rdc-la-mort-de-willy-ngoma-revelatrice-de-la-bataille-pour-le-ciel-congolais/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">the growing role of drone warfare</span></a> in the conflict.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">On March 1st, a <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/laeroport-de-bangboka-kisangani-de-nouveau-cible-par-des-drones" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">new drone attack targeting Kisangani airport was reported</span></a>, one month after the previous attack claimed by M23 (see <a href="https://www.paema.ngo/campaigns/view-campaign/OiSDJ-Lcji35K2JT0p9HBQUfKAJxiKaHV0Djfsye-LkS7qftFVkA7ead5SSQ81Eb22I2FGFG8AeJYq_ytSw3jgHTnxfKteSu" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Monitor #19</span></a>). FARDC stated that four drones were intercepted with no fatalities. M23 <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/03/02/rdc-lafcm23-revendique-lattaque-de-drones-contre-laeroport-de-kisangani" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">also claimed responsibility for the attempted strike</span></a>, saying it had sought to destroy FARDC drones allegedly preparing to “attack civilian populations”.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Overall, <a href="https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20260224-tensions-dans-l-est-de-la-rdc-au-moins-trois-lignes-de-front-se-r%C3%A9activent" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">fighting sharply increased in Masisi territory</span></a>, North Kivu, where FARDC and allied Wazalendo militias launched renewed operations aimed at recapturing M23-controlled localities.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>HUMAN RIGHTS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">On February 27th, Congolese authorities reported the discovery of <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/03/01/uvira-des-fosses-communes-decouvertes-apres-le-retrait-de-lafcm23-des-equipes" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">two mass graves in Uvira</span></a> containing a <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/mass-graves-found-eastern-congo-after-rebel-withdrawal-governor-says-2026-02-27/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">total of 172 bodies</span></a>, which they said were victims killed by M23 before the group’s withdrawal from the city.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">On February 21st, M23 carried out a raid in Kishishe (Rutshuru, North Kivu), <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/22/actualite/securite/plus-de-100-personnes-portees-disparues-apres-un-bouclage-des-rebelles" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">abducting more than 100 civilians</span></a> accused of collaboration with Wazalendo militias or FDLR.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">On 26 February, a FARDC drone strike targeting an M23 position in Nyabiondo (Masisi, North Kivu) reportedly <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/27/rdc-trois-civils-blesses-lors-dune-frappe-par-drone-de-larmee-sur-une-position-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">injured three civilians</span></a>.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>ARMED CONFLICT</strong></h4><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><em>North Kivu</em></p><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>Masisi territory experienced a sharp increase in clashes as FARDC and Wazalendo militias launched a major push to retake M23-controlled localities. </strong>Frontlines <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/23/masisi-trois-villages-perdus-par-les-rebelles-de-lafcm23-pres-de-la-cite-miniere-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">shifted rapidly</span></a>, with several positions reportedly <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/26/masisi-les-rebelles-de-lafcm23-reprennent-le-controle-de-kasenyi-et-luke-apres-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">changing hands multiple times within days</span></a>. Since February 17th, <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/21/actualite/securite/tension-autour-de-plusieurs-localites-katoyi-et-ufamandu-apres-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">tensions have remained particularly high in southern Masisi</span></a>, where armed groups including Mai-Mai Lamuka, Raia Mutomboki, and Mai-Mai PARECO have engaged M23 forces under the broader Wazalendo umbrella. Clashes were reported in <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/reprise-des-combats-afcm23-wazalendo-trois-civils-blesses-nyabiondo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Nyamaboko</span></a>, <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/27/actualite/securite/quatre-civils-tues-et-des-deplacements-massifs-la-suite-des-combats" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Katoyi</span></a> and <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/reprise-des-combats-afcm23-wazalendo-trois-civils-blesses-nyabiondo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Kinyumba</span></a> areas, and <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/reprise-des-combats-afcm23-wazalendo-trois-civils-blesses-nyabiondo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">most recently Kazinga</span></a>, which M23 recaptured.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><strong>Neighboring Walikale territory also saw sustained fighting</strong>. On <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/reprise-des-combats-afcm23-wazalendo-trois-civils-blesses-nyabiondo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">February 24th, clashes erupted around Mpety</span></a>, followed by a government offensive to recover Kibati on February 28th. M23 <a href="https://actualite.cd/index.php/2026/03/03/walikale-nouveaux-deplacements-des-populations-apres-loccupation-de-buhimba-par-lafcm23" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">seized Buhimba</span></a> on March 1st, while fighting continued around Kibati. On March 2nd, M23 forces were <a href="https://actualite.cd/index.php/2026/03/03/walikale-les-fardc-et-les-wazalendo-repoussent-une-attaque-de-lafcm23-fungura-pres-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">pushed back from Fungura</span></a> while <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/03/02/walikale-troisieme-jour-consecutif-des-combats-entre-lafcm23-et-les-fardc-appuyees-par" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">clashes persisted in Kibati</span></a>.</p></li></ul><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class=""><em>South Kivu</em></p><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">A <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/24/actualite/securite/uvira-la-monusco-et-la-cirgl-preparent-le-deploiement-du-mecanisme" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">joint MONUSCO-ICGRL mission deployed to Uvira from 23-27 February</span></a> to prepare the implementation of the joint ceasefire monitoring mechanism. This deployment marks MONUSCO’s return to South Kivu following its withdrawal from the province in June 2024. The mission described the deployment as an “exploratory phase” ahead of possible operations. Acting MONUSCO head Vivian van de Perre noted that, unlike in North Kivu and Ituri, MONUSCO’s mandate in South Kivu is limited to ceasefire monitoring and does not include Protection of Civilians responsibilities, in accordance with UN Security Council Resolution 2808 (2025).</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">FARDC announced on March 1st that the <a href="http://radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/les-fardc-annoncent-la-reprise-de-la-cite-strategique-de-mikenge-dans" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">government forces had retaken the town of Mikenge and surrounding villages</span></a> in the highlands of Fizi territory.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Two Wazalendo fighters were killed <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/03/01/shabunda-deux-morts-dont-un-chef-wazalendo-dans-les-affrontements-entre-deux-factions" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">during a clash between two Wazalendo factions</span></a> in Shabunda territory.</p></li></ul><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class=""><em>Ituri</em></p><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">In Haut-Katanga province, a rare armed attack attributed to Mai-Mai combatants was reported in <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/03/03/rdc-au-moins-quatre-morts-dans-lattaque-armee-au-parc-de-lupemba" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Upemba national park</span></a>, resulting in 5 fatalities amongst park agents.&nbsp;</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">On March 1st, <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/activites-paralysees-salamabila-apres-combats-entre-deux-factions-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">two Mai-Mai groups clashed in Salamabila</span></a> (Kabambare territory, Maniema province), causing an unspecified number of fatalities.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>DISPLACEMENT</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Asylum requests from <a href="http://lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2026/03/03/a-mayotte-les-arrivees-de-migrants-issus-de-la-region-des-grands-lacs-s-intensifient_6669375_3212.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Congolese nationals on the French Indian Ocean island of Mayotte have surged sharply</span></a>, rising from 150 in 2021 to over 1,250 in 2024. Congolese applicants now represent more than half of all new asylum claims on the island.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""></p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>REPORTING AND ANALYSIS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><em>Vanity Fair </em>published an extensive profile on <a href="https://www.vanityfair.com/news/story/dan-gertler-cobalt" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Dan Gertler and his illicit business activities in the DRC mining sector</span></a>.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The latest episode of Po na Biso, the podcast produced by the Congo Research Group and Ebuteli, <a href="http://ebuteli.org/publications/podcasts/la-mort-de-willy-ngoma-marque-t-elle-un-tournant-dans-le-conflit-du-m23" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">examines whether the killing of Willy Ngoma could represent a turning point in the conflict</span></a>.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:22px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>DOMESTIC POLITICS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The Congolese Interreligious Council (CIC) continues to advocate for a national dialogue and has proposed the creation of a <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/28/commission-verite-et-reconciliation-le-rapporteur-adjoint-du-senat-jean-claude-baende" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">“Truth, Reconciliation, and National Cohesion Commission.”</span></a> The proposal received support from Jean-Claude Baende, Deputy Rapporteur of the Senate.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The DRC’s National Cybersecurity Council (CNC), which reports directly to President Tshisekedi, has been <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2026/02/26/rdc-le-conseil-national-de-cyberdefense-l-inquietante-police-secrete-de-felix-tshisekedi_6668408_3212.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">accused by critics of operating beyond its official cyber-defense mandate</span></a>, including allegations of secret detentions, nighttime abductions, and torture targeting opposition figures, journalists, and critics.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:22px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>BUSINESS AND MINERALS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">On February 23rd, the <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/23/washington-valide-de-nouveaux-investissements-de-la-dfc-en-afrique-dans-les-minerais" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">U.S. Development and Finance Corporation approved a series of “new strategic investments</span></a>” aimed at strengthening U.S. supply chains for critical minerals and energy security’. Details of the investments have not yet been disclosed.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Rawbank, the DRC’s largest bank, <a href="https://www.semafor.com/newsletter/03/04/2026/fears-of-african-inflation-grow-amid-middle-east-conflict?utm_source=nowshare&amp;utm_medium=africa&amp;utm_campaign=flagshipnumbered3#e" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">signed a $265 million deal</span></a> with the World Bank’s IFC (International Finance Corporation), France’s Proparco, the UK’s British International Investment, and two other development lenders. The deal aims to finance at least 1,500 new SME loans over four years.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Washington’s push to secure access to Congo’s critical minerals are reportedly <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/least-nine-dead-congo-drone-strike-that-killed-rebel-spokesperson-sources-say-2026-02-25/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">progressing slower than anticipated</span></a>, amid challenges related to insecurity, access to mining areas, and regulatory approvals.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">On March 3rd, <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/3/4/more-than-200-killed-in-landslide-at-drc-coltan-mine?utm_campaign=socialPulse&amp;utm_medium=social&amp;utm_source=x" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;">another deadly landslide occurred at the Rubaya mine</a>, roughly one month after a previous incident (see <a href="https://www.paema.ngo/campaigns/view-campaign/OiSDJ-Lcji35K2JT0p9HBQUfKAJxiKaHV0Djfsye-LkS7qftFVkA7ead5SSQ81Eb22I2FGFG8AeJYq_ytSw3jgHTnxfKteSu" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Monitor #19</span></a>). DRC's Ministry of mines said 200 were dead, including an estimated 70 children. M23 disputed this, saying that it was a bombing, not a landslide, and that it was approximately five dead.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:22px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>GREAT LAKES</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">On 23 February, the <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/23/actualite/societe/la-rdc-et-le-burundi-rouvrent-la-frontiere-commune-de-gatumba" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">DRC-Burundi border crossing at Gatumba reopened</span></a>. The border post, which links Uvira and Bujumbura, had been closed since M23 captured Uvira on 10 December 2025.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Air Congo, the DRC’s national airline, is scheduled to launch a new <a href="https://x.com/JuniorBadila/status/2028834704326033813?s=20" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Entebbe-Kinshasa route this month</span></a>, complementing existing flights operated by Uganda Airlines.</p></li></ul>
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<table role="presentation" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#FAF9F4" class="text-section section-content">
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:22px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMACY</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Kinshasa has nominated <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2026/02/27/la-rdc-mise-sur-juliana-amato-lumumba-pour-remplacer-la-presidente-rwandaise-de-l-organisation-internationale-de-la-francophophonie_6668546_3212.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Juliana Amato Lumumba</span></a>, daughter of independence figure Patrice Lumumba, as candidate for Secretary-General of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF), seeking to challenge the incumbent,&nbsp; Rwanda’s Louise Mushikiwabo (see <a href="https://www.paema.ngo/campaigns/view-campaign/cqXJvhfSdAONjmjMymZaYqLqtG8BQaOTjtT_T-OIiMs2fMz5wQyGoGAqnXv24hIQ39HZKq6oGy_u3JXTZgI2XiW0LIigXzME" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Monitor #20</span></a>).&nbsp;</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">On March 2nd, the Chinese ambassador to the DRC met with Guy Kabombo (vice Prime-Minister and Defense minister) in Kinshasa and <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/03/actualite/securite/la-chine-exprime-sa-volonte-dappuyer-les-fardc" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">expressed China’s willingness to support the FARDC through training programs both in China</span></a> and at the Kamina military training center in Haut-Lomami province.&nbsp;</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The U.S. has signed a new <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/28/sante-pourquoi-les-etats-unis-investissent-12-milliard-de-dollars-en-rdc-et-ce-que-cela" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">health cooperation Memorandum of Understanding with the DRC</span></a> valued at $1.2 billion over five years under the “<a href="https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesperson/2026/02/fostering-health-sovereignty-in-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-through-the-america-first-global-health-strategy/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">America First Global Health Strategy</span></a>”. The agreement includes the development of a nationwide epidemic monitoring and early warning system, capable of detecting outbreaks within seven days.&nbsp;</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The nomination hearing of Frank Garcia as <a href="https://www.foreign.senate.gov/hearings/nominations-03-05-2026" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs</span></a> is scheduled for March 5th.&nbsp;</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">As the U.S. assumes the presidency of the UN Security Council for March, it has <a href="https://usun.usmission.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/176/2026/03/US-Presidency-UNSC-Plan-of-Work_030326.pdf" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">published its program of work</span></a> for the month. A MONUSCO briefing and consultations are scheduled for March 26th, during which the Council is <a href="http://securitycouncilreport.org/monthly-forecast/2026-03/democratic-republic-of-the-congo-33.php" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">expected to consider a draft resolution adjusting the mission mandate</span></a>.</p></li></ul>
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      <p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:center;" class="">If there is anything specifically you would like to see from this newsletter or if you have any feedback, we would love to hear from you. Please write to us at <a href="mailto:drcnews@paema.ngo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">drcnews@paema.ngo</span></a> or leave a comment through this <a href="https://forms.gle/cwxXqsJDkgpDZMZb7" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;">anonymous form</a>.</p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>Sanctions américaines contre le Rwanda : quelles implications ?</strong></h4><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le 2 mars, le Bureau du contrôle des avoirs étrangers (OFAC) du Trésor américain a annoncé <a href="https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0411" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">des sanctions contre les Forces rwandaises de défense (RDF)</span></a> et quatre de ses hauts gradés, dont le chef d’état-major, visés pour leur “<a href="https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesperson/2026/03/sanctioning-rwandan-violators-of-the-washington-accords-for-peace-and-prosperity" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">soutien opérationnel direct” aux rebelles de l’AFC/M23 et à ses affiliés dans l'est de la RDC</span></a> que Washington considère comme une violation des « Accords de Washington pour la paix et la prospérité ». Les sanctions bloquent tout actif détenu aux États-Unis par l'armée rwandaise et les quatre individus désignés, et interdisent aux citoyens et institutions financières américains de réaliser des transactions avec eux. Les entités faisant affaire avec les RDC disposent jusqu'au 1er avril pour mettre fin à leurs transactions.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Cette annonce marque une escalade significative dans la posture de Washington vis-à-vis de Kigali, bien que des membres du Congrès aient rapidement également souligné les responsabilités de Kinshasa. Le sénateur Jim Risch, président de la Commission des affaires étrangères du Sénat, a <a href="https://www.foreign.senate.gov/press/rep/release/risch-statement-on-rwanda-sanctions" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">publié une déclaration au sujet des sanctions</span></a>, affirmant que « le temps des postures [était] révolu », appelant le Rwanda et le M23 à cesser immédiatement leurs avancées, tout en pressant le gouvernement congolais et les FARDC à « abandonner leur quête d'une solution militaire ».</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Si le gouvernement congolais a, comme on pouvait s’y attendre, accueilli favorablement l’annonce des sanctions, le gouvernement rwandais <a href="https://x.com/RwandaOGS/status/2028561749801128155" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">a publié un communiqué</span></a> les qualifiant d’ « injustes » et « unilatérales », affirmant qu'elles « déforment la réalité et falsifient les faits du conflit ». Le lendemain de l'annonce, le M23 a défié les sanctions en diffusant une vidéo annonçant que <a href="https://x.com/LawrenceKanyuka/status/2028901627789492530" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">plus de 1 500 nouvelles recrues avaient achevé leur formation</span></a> et étaient pleinement opérationnelles. Le président du M23, Bertrand Bisimwa, <a href="https://x.com/LawrenceKanyuka/status/2028901627789492530" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">répondant à une publication de la sénatrice Shaheen</span></a>, chef de fil démocrate de la Commission des affaires étrangères du Sénat, a fait valoir que le M23 ne pouvait violer un accord qu'il n'avait pas signé (en référence aux Accords de Washington), et que Washington avait besoin de « mises à jour fondamentales sur le conflit ». Fidèle à sa posture habituelle, le groupe a donc encore une fois signifié que les décisions prises à Washington ne sauraient remettre en cause leur combat.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">La société civile congolaise a globalement salué ces mesures. Le lauréat du Prix Nobel de la Paix Denis Mukwege a <a href="https://x.com/DenisMukwege/status/2028835717615358456?s=20" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">appelé l'Union européenne (UE) à emboîter le pas</span></a> en suspendant sa coopération sécuritaire et militaire avec le Rwanda, ainsi qu'à geler son appui budgétaire au pays. La coalition <em>Pamoja kwa Amani</em>, basée au Sud-Kivu, a qualifié les sanctions d’un « <a href="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/66ad0be8ed0f4b24dda66a3a/t/69a777eed279917478211748/1772582894909/English_PAMOJA+KWA+AMANI+COALITION+PRESS+RELEASE+No04.pdf" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">pas décisif vers la vérité</span></a> » quant à l'implication du Rwanda en RDC, exhortant Washington à « ne pas se contenter de mesures symboliques » et à maintenir une pression maximale jusqu'au retrait effectif des troupes rwandaises du sol congolais; et souhaitant que les sanctions « ouvrent la voie à des poursuites judiciaires internationales ».</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Les sanctions constituent une première étape positive, mais nécessitent une application rigoureuse pour produire un impact réel. Il est peu probable que les quatre généraux désignés détiennent des actifs significatifs libellés en dollars ou voyagent régulièrement dans des juridictions qui respecteront les désignations. Cependant, les sanctions visant les RDF impliquent que toute entreprise dans laquelle les RDF détiennent, directement ou indirectement, une participation d'au moins 50 % est automatiquement sanctionnée. Un impact plus important se ferait sentir avec l'adhésion multilatérale de l'UE et du Royaume-Uni. La portée relativement limitée des mesures actuelles s'explique, au moins en partie, par la dépendance des partenaires occidentaux à l'égard de l'armée rwandaise, qui est devenue un principal contributeur aux opérations conjointes dans le nord du Mozambique financées par la Facilité européenne pour la paix (FEP) de l'UE. Par ailleurs, les missions de maintien de la paix de l'ONU en République centrafricaine (où des forces rwandaises sont également déployées bilatéralement pour protéger le président Faustin-Archange Touadéra) et au Soudan du Sud reposent largement sur les troupes rwandaises. Cet article de <a href="https://www.theafricareport.com/410616/us-sanctions-on-rwandan-military-raise-risk-of-doing-business/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">The Africa Report</span></a> présente une analyse pertinente des répercussions potentielles des sanctions sur le coût des transactions commerciales avec le Rwanda.&nbsp;</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le Rwanda fait depuis longtemps l’objet de pressions et de critiques persistantes concernant son implication dans les conflits en RDC, sans toutefois modifier fondamentalement sa posture. Si les sanctions imposées présentent une portée symbolique, elles pourraient ne pas suffire à inciter Kigali à reconsidérer sa stratégie, fondée sur la conviction que le pays lutte pour sa propre survie face à ce qu’elle considère comme une « menace génocidaire » venant de la RDC. Ce positionnement, conjugué à l'emprise du Front patriotique rwandais sur la scène politique nationale, qui limite toute opposition significative, implique l'absence de contre-pouvoir interne crédible susceptible de s'opposer au conflit. De ce fait, le gouvernement reste protégé des éventuelles pressions internes pouvant conduire à une évolution de ses choix stratégiques. Paul Kagame a récemment confirmé cette posture, déclarant il y a un mois qu'il ne se laisserait pas « étouffer » par des sanctions, et qu'il préférerait « <a href="https://x.com/StanysBujakera/status/2019370856271712652" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">s'étouffer en tenant tête et en vous disant d'aller au diable</span></a> ».</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Les sanctions s’inscrivent dans le cadre d’un ensemble de mesures plus étendu que Washington n'a pas encore pleinement déployé. Une escalade plus conséquente consisterait à cibler <em>Crystal Ventures</em>, le fonds d'investissements privé du FPR, souvent décrit comme le bras financier du parti. En tant que deuxième employeur du pays et pilier central de l'économie rwandaise, une telle mesure aurait des répercussions économiques largement supérieures aux mesures actuelles et contraindrait probablement Kigali à reconsidérer ses positions. Certains observateurs, notamment <em>Human Rights Watch</em>, avancent que <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2026/03/03/us-sanctions-rwandan-army-commanders" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">les mesures devraient être élargies</span></a> pour inclure tout officiel congolais ou groupe armé allié dont la conduite met également en danger les civils.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Il faut souligner que l'administration Trump, en renonçant à imposer un embargo sur les armes ou des sanctions individuelles contre le président Kagame et d'autres hauts responsables rwandais, semble vouloir maintenir une possibilité de résolution diplomatique, tout en montrant qu'une réaction plus forte demeure envisageable. À ce stade, il reste incertain si cette stratégie sera assez dissuasive pour amener Kigali à changer réellement son soutien au M23 ou sa présence dans l'est de la RDC.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br></p>
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Ngoma était l'une des figures politiques les plus haut placées et les plus visibles du groupe. Reuters rapporte que la frappe a de peu manqué le commandant militaire du groupe, Sultani Makenga. Cet événement met en lumière <a href="https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1769840/politique/est-de-la-rdc-la-mort-de-willy-ngoma-revelatrice-de-la-bataille-pour-le-ciel-congolais/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">l’importance croissante des drones dans l’évolution du conflit</span></a>.&nbsp;</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le 1er mars, <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/laeroport-de-bangboka-kisangani-de-nouveau-cible-par-des-drones" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">une nouvelle attaque de drone ciblant l'aéroport de Kisangani a été signalée</span></a>, un mois après la précédente attaque revendiquée par le M23 (voir <a href="https://www.paema.ngo/campaigns/view-campaign/OiSDJ-Lcji35K2JT0p9HBQUfKAJxiKaHV0Djfsye-LkS7qftFVkA7ead5SSQ81Eb22I2FGFG8AeJYq_ytSw3jgHTnxfKteSu" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Monitor #19</span></a>). Les FARDC ont déclaré que quatre drones avaient été interceptés sans faire de victimes. Le M23 <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/03/02/rdc-lafcm23-revendique-lattaque-de-drones-contre-laeroport-de-kisangani" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">a</span><strong><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;"> </span></strong><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">également revendiqué cette nouvelle frappe</span></a>, affirmant avoir cherché à détruire des drones des FARDC qui se préparaient prétendument à « attaquer les populations civiles ».</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Dans l'ensemble, les combats <a href="https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20260224-tensions-dans-l-est-de-la-rdc-au-moins-trois-lignes-de-front-se-r%C3%A9activent" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">ont fortement augmenté dans le territoire de Masisi</span></a>, au Nord-Kivu, où les FARDC et les milices Wazalendo ont lancé de nouvelles opérations visant à reprendre les localités contrôlées par le M23.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>DROITS HUMAINS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le 27 février, les autorités congolaises ont signalé<a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/03/01/uvira-des-fosses-communes-decouvertes-apres-le-retrait-de-lafcm23-des-equipes" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;"> la découverte de deux fosses communes à Uvira</span></a> contenant un <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/mass-graves-found-eastern-congo-after-rebel-withdrawal-governor-says-2026-02-27/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">total de 172 corps</span></a>, qui auraient été des victimes tuées par le M23 avant le retrait du groupe de la ville.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le 21 février, le M23 a mené un raid à Kishishe (Rutshuru, Nord-Kivu), <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/22/actualite/securite/plus-de-100-personnes-portees-disparues-apres-un-bouclage-des-rebelles" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">enlevant plus de 100 civils</span></a> accusés de collaboration avec les milices Wazalendo ou les FDLR.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le 26 février, une frappe de drone des FARDC ciblant une position du M23 à Nyabiondo (Masisi, Nord-Kivu) a <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/27/rdc-trois-civils-blesses-lors-dune-frappe-par-drone-de-larmee-sur-une-position-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">blessé trois civils</span></a>.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>CONFLITS ARMÉS</strong></h4><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""><em>Nord-Kivu</em></p><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class=""><strong>Le territoire de Masisi a connu une forte augmentation des affrontements après que les FARDC et les milices Wazalendo ont lancé une offensive majeure pour reprendre les localités contrôlées par le M23</strong>. Les lignes de front ont <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/23/masisi-trois-villages-perdus-par-les-rebelles-de-lafcm23-pres-de-la-cite-miniere-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">évolué rapidement</span></a>, plusieurs positions <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/26/masisi-les-rebelles-de-lafcm23-reprennent-le-controle-de-kasenyi-et-luke-apres-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">ayant changé de mains à plusieurs reprises</span></a> en l'espace de quelques jours. Depuis le 17 février, les tensions sont restées particulièrement élevées <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/21/actualite/securite/tension-autour-de-plusieurs-localites-katoyi-et-ufamandu-apres-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">dans le sud du Masisi</span></a>, où des groupes armés — notamment les Mai-Mai Lamuka, les Raia Mutomboki et les Mai-Mai PARECO — ont affronté les forces du M23 au sein de la coalition Wazalendo. Des affrontements ont été signalés dans les zones de <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/reprise-des-combats-afcm23-wazalendo-trois-civils-blesses-nyabiondo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Nyamaboko</span></a>, <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/27/actualite/securite/quatre-civils-tues-et-des-deplacements-massifs-la-suite-des-combats" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Katoyi</span></a> et <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/reprise-des-combats-afcm23-wazalendo-trois-civils-blesses-nyabiondo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Kinyumba</span></a>, et <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/reprise-des-combats-afcm23-wazalendo-trois-civils-blesses-nyabiondo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">plus récemment à Kazinga</span></a>, que le M23 a reprise.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class=""><strong>Le territoire voisin de Walikale a également connu des combats soutenus</strong>. Le <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/reprise-des-combats-afcm23-wazalendo-trois-civils-blesses-nyabiondo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">24 février, des affrontements ont éclaté autour de Mpety</span></a>, suivis d'une offensive gouvernementale pour reprendre Kibati le 28 février. Le M23 <a href="https://actualite.cd/index.php/2026/03/03/walikale-nouveaux-deplacements-des-populations-apres-loccupation-de-buhimba-par-lafcm23" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">s'est emparé de Buhimba</span></a> le 1er mars, tandis que les combats se poursuivaient autour de Kibati. Le 2 mars, les forces du M23 ont été <a href="https://actualite.cd/index.php/2026/03/03/walikale-les-fardc-et-les-wazalendo-repoussent-une-attaque-de-lafcm23-fungura-pres-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">repoussées de Fungura</span></a>, tandis que <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/03/02/walikale-troisieme-jour-consecutif-des-combats-entre-lafcm23-et-les-fardc-appuyees-par" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">les affrontements persistaient à Kibati</span></a>.</p></li></ul><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class=""><em>Sud-Kivu</em></p><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Une <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/24/actualite/securite/uvira-la-monusco-et-la-cirgl-preparent-le-deploiement-du-mecanisme" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">délégation conjointe MONUSCO-ICGRL s'est rendue à Uvira du 23 au 27 février</span></a> pour préparer la mise en œuvre du mécanisme conjoint de surveillance du cessez-le-feu. Ce déploiement marque le retour de la MONUSCO au Sud-Kivu après son retrait de la province en juin 2024. La mission a qualifié ce déploiement de « phase exploratoire » préalable à d'éventuelles opérations. La cheffe par intérim de la MONUSCO, Vivian van de Perre, a souligné que, contrairement au Nord-Kivu et à l'Ituri, le mandat de la MONUSCO au Sud-Kivu se limite à la surveillance du cessez-le-feu et n'inclut pas de responsabilités en matière de Protection des Civils, conformément à la Résolution 2808 (2025) du Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Les FARDC ont annoncé le 1er mars que <a href="http://radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/les-fardc-annoncent-la-reprise-de-la-cite-strategique-de-mikenge-dans" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">les forces gouvernementales avaient repris la cité de Mikenge et les villages environnants</span></a> dans les hauts plateaux du territoire de Fizi.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Deux combattants Wazalendo ont été tués <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/03/01/shabunda-deux-morts-dont-un-chef-wazalendo-dans-les-affrontements-entre-deux-factions" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">lors d'un affrontement entre deux factions Wazalendo adverses</span></a> dans le territoire de Shabunda.</p></li></ul><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class=""><em>Autres zones</em></p><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Dans la province du Haut-Katanga, une rare attaque armée attribuée à des combattants Mai-Mai a été signalée dans le <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/03/03/rdc-au-moins-quatre-morts-dans-lattaque-armee-au-parc-de-lupemba" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">parc national d'Upemba</span></a>, faisant 5 morts parmi les agents du parc.&nbsp;</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Le 1er mars, <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/02/actualite/securite/activites-paralysees-salamabila-apres-combats-entre-deux-factions-de" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">deux groupes Mai-Mai se sont affrontés à Salamabila</span></a> (territoire de Kabambare, province du Maniema), causant un nombre indéterminé de victimes.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>DÉPLACEMENTS FORCÉS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Les demandes d'asile émanant de <a href="http://lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2026/03/03/a-mayotte-les-arrivees-de-migrants-issus-de-la-region-des-grands-lacs-s-intensifient_6669375_3212.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">ressortissants congolais sur l'île française de Mayotte, dans l'océan Indien, ont fortement augmenté</span></a>, passant de 150 en 2021 à plus de 1 250 en 2024. Les demandeurs congolais représentent désormais plus de la moitié de l'ensemble des nouvelles demandes d'asile sur l'île.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>RAPPORTS ET ANALYSES</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Vanity Fair a publié un long portrait consacré à <a href="https://www.vanityfair.com/news/story/dan-gertler-cobalt" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Dan Gertler et ses activités illicites dans le secteur minier de la RDC</span></a>.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le dernier épisode de Po na Biso, le podcast produit par le Congo Research Group et Ebuteli, <a href="http://ebuteli.org/publications/podcasts/la-mort-de-willy-ngoma-marque-t-elle-un-tournant-dans-le-conflit-du-m23" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">examine si la mort de Willy Ngoma pourrait représenter un tournant dans le conflit</span></a>.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>POLITIQUE INTÉRIEURE</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le Conseil Interreligieux Congolais (CIC) continue de plaider en faveur d'un dialogue national et a proposé la création d'une « <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/28/commission-verite-et-reconciliation-le-rapporteur-adjoint-du-senat-jean-claude-baende" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Commission Vérité, Réconciliation et Cohésion Nationale</span></a> ». La proposition a reçu le soutien de Jean-Claude Baende, Rapporteur adjoint du Sénat.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le Conseil National de Cybersécurité (CNC) de la RDC, qui répond directement du président Tshisekedi, est accusé par ses détracteurs <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2026/02/26/rdc-le-conseil-national-de-cyberdefense-l-inquietante-police-secrete-de-felix-tshisekedi_6668408_3212.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">d'opérer au-delà de son mandat officiel de cyberdéfense</span></a>, notamment à travers des allégations de détentions secrètes, d'enlèvements nocturnes et de torture visant des figures de l'opposition, des journalistes et des détracteurs du régime.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:12px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>BUSINESS ET MINERAIS, </strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le 23 février, la <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/23/washington-valide-de-nouveaux-investissements-de-la-dfc-en-afrique-dans-les-minerais" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">U.S. </span></a><em><a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/23/washington-valide-de-nouveaux-investissements-de-la-dfc-en-afrique-dans-les-minerais" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Development and Finance Corporation</span></a></em><a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/23/washington-valide-de-nouveaux-investissements-de-la-dfc-en-afrique-dans-les-minerais" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;"> a approuvé une série de « nouveaux investissements stratégiques »</span></a> visant à renforcer les chaînes d'approvisionnement américaines en minéraux critiques et la sécurité énergétique. Les détails de ces investissements n'ont pas encore été divulgués.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Rawbank, la plus grande banque de la RDC, <a href="https://www.semafor.com/newsletter/03/04/2026/fears-of-african-inflation-grow-amid-middle-east-conflict?utm_source=nowshare&amp;utm_medium=africa&amp;utm_campaign=flagshipnumbered3#e" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">a signé un accord de 265 millions de dollars</span></a> avec la <em>International Finance Corporation</em> de la Banque mondiale, Proparco (France), British International Investment (Royaume-Uni) et deux autres bailleurs de fonds au développement. L'accord vise à financer au moins 1 500 nouveaux prêts aux PME sur quatre ans.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Les efforts de Washington pour sécuriser l'accès aux minéraux critiques du Congo <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/least-nine-dead-congo-drone-strike-that-killed-rebel-spokesperson-sources-say-2026-02-25/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">avancent plus lentement que prévu</span></a>, en raison de difficultés liées à l'insécurité, à l'accès aux zones minières et aux autorisations réglementaires.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le 3 mars, un <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/3/4/more-than-200-killed-in-landslide-at-drc-coltan-mine?utm_campaign=socialPulse&amp;utm_medium=social&amp;utm_source=x" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;">nouveau glissement de terrain meurtrier s'est produit à la mine de Rubaya</a>, environ un mois après un précédent incident (voir <a href="https://www.paema.ngo/campaigns/view-campaign/OiSDJ-Lcji35K2JT0p9HBQUfKAJxiKaHV0Djfsye-LkS7qftFVkA7ead5SSQ81Eb22I2FGFG8AeJYq_ytSw3jgHTnxfKteSu" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Monitor #19</span></a>). Le ministère des Mines de la RDC a déclaré que 200 personnes étaient mortes, dont environ 70 enfants. Le M23 a contesté ces chiffres, affirmant qu'il s'agissait d'un bombardement et non d'un glissement de terrain, et que le nombre de morts s'élevait à environ cinq personnes.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:12px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:32px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>GRANDS LACS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le 23 février, le <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/02/23/actualite/societe/la-rdc-et-le-burundi-rouvrent-la-frontiere-commune-de-gatumba" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">poste frontière RDC-Burundi de Gatumba a rouvert</span></a>. Ce poste frontière, qui relie Uvira à Bujumbura, était fermé depuis la prise d'Uvira par le M23 le 10 décembre 2025.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Air Congo, la compagnie aérienne nationale de la RDC, doit lancer ce mois-ci une nouvelle <a href="https://x.com/JuniorBadila/status/2028834704326033813?s=20" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">liaison Entebbe-Kinshasa</span></a>, venant compléter les vols existants opérés par Uganda Airlines.</p></li></ul>
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<table role="presentation" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="#FAF9F4" class="text-section section-content">
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:12px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:32px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>DIPLOMATIE INTERNATIONALE ET AMÉRICAINE</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Kinshasa a nommé <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2026/02/27/la-rdc-mise-sur-juliana-amato-lumumba-pour-remplacer-la-presidente-rwandaise-de-l-organisation-internationale-de-la-francophophonie_6668546_3212.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Juliana Amato Lumumba</span></a>, fille de la figure de l'indépendance Patrice Lumumba, candidate au poste de Secrétaire générale de l'Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF), cherchant à défier la titulaire du poste, la Rwandaise Louise Mushikiwabo (voir <a href="https://www.paema.ngo/campaigns/view-campaign/cqXJvhfSdAONjmjMymZaYqLqtG8BQaOTjtT_T-OIiMs2fMz5wQyGoGAqnXv24hIQ39HZKq6oGy_u3JXTZgI2XiW0LIigXzME" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Monitor #20</span></a>).</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le 2 mars, l'ambassadeur de Chine en RDC a rencontré Guy Kabombo (vice-Premier ministre et ministre de la Défense) à Kinshasa et <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2026/03/03/actualite/securite/la-chine-exprime-sa-volonte-dappuyer-les-fardc" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">a exprimé la volonté de la Chine de soutenir les FARDC</span></a> à travers des programmes de formation, tant en Chine qu'au centre d'entraînement militaire de Kamina dans la province du Haut-Lomami.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Les États-Unis ont signé un nouveau <a href="https://actualite.cd/2026/02/28/sante-pourquoi-les-etats-unis-investissent-12-milliard-de-dollars-en-rdc-et-ce-que-cela" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">mémorandum d'entente avec la RDC</span></a> sur la coopération en matière de santé publique d'une valeur de 1,2 milliard de dollars sur cinq ans, dans le cadre de la « <em><a href="https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesperson/2026/02/fostering-health-sovereignty-in-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-through-the-america-first-global-health-strategy/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">America First Global Health Strategy</span></a></em><a href="https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesperson/2026/02/fostering-health-sovereignty-in-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-through-the-america-first-global-health-strategy/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;"> </span></a>». L'accord prévoit notamment le développement d'un système national de surveillance épidémique et d'alerte précoce, capable de détecter des épidémies en moins de sept jours.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">L'audition de confirmation de Frank Garcia au poste de <a href="https://www.foreign.senate.gov/hearings/nominations-03-05-2026" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Secrétaire d'État adjoint aux Affaires africaines</span></a> est prévue le 5 mars.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Alors que les États-Unis assurent la présidence du Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU pour le mois de mars, ils ont publié leur <a href="https://usun.usmission.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/176/2026/03/US-Presidency-UNSC-Plan-of-Work_030326.pdf" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">programme de travail </span></a>pour le mois. Un briefing de la MONUSCO et des consultations sont prévus le 26 mars, au cours desquels le Conseil <a href="http://securitycouncilreport.org/monthly-forecast/2026-03/democratic-republic-of-the-congo-33.php" rel="nofollow" style="color:#51945e !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">devrait examiner un projet de résolution ajustant le mandat de la mission</span></a>.</p></li></ul>
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