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      <p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:right;" class=""><em>If you were forwarded this email, you can subscribe <a href="https://www.paema.ngo/drc-news-monitor#subscriber" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">here</a>. // Si ce mail vous a été transféré, vous pouvez vous abonner <a href="https://www.paema.ngo/drc-news-monitor#subscriber" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">ici</a>.</em></p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>DRC NEWS ROUNDUP</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Bintou Keita, the head of MONUSCO, <a href="https://monusco.unmissions.org/d%C3%A9claration-%C3%A0-la-presse-de-mme-bintou-keita-repr%C3%A9sentante-sp%C3%A9ciale-du-secr%C3%A9taire-g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral-des-nations" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">met on 13 June with M23 leaders in Goma</span></a>, the first meeting between MONUSCO and M23 representatives since M23 seized Goma in January 2025. The stated goal of the meeting was to ‘establish contact’ and discuss ways to ensure the protection of civilians.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Following peace talks in Washington, DC between representatives of the Congolese and Rwandan governments, mediated by the U.S. and observed by Qatar, <a href="https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesperson/2025/06/joint-statement-on-peace-talks-between-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-and-the-republic-of-rwanda-mediated-by-the-united-states-and-observed-by-the-state-of-qatar/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">a joint statement</span></a> was released on 18 June announcing plans for the foreign ministers of DRC and Rwanda to sign a peace agreement on 27 June.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">The ICRC is warning that the <a href="https://www.icrc.org/en/news-release/drc-health-care-system-verge-collapse-north-south-kivu" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">health care systems of North and South Kivu provinces are on the verge of collapse</span></a>, with significant increases in the number of wounded people (172%) and victims of armed and sexual violence in need of psychosocial support (seven fold) compared to 2024.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>HUMAN RIGHTS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Dozens of <a href="https://www.mediacongo.net/article-actualite-151816_bintou_keita_aux_civils_refugies_aux_bases_de_la_monusco_a_goma_l_evacuation_viendra_apres_compromis_entre_m23_et_gouvernement.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Congolese civilians are still sheltered</span></a> in Goma’s MONUSCO base, five months after M23 took control of the city, with no evacuation plan in sight. MONUSCO head Bintou Keita, on a visit to Goma, said their evacuation could only come once a compromise was reached between M23 and the Congolese government.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">ADF rebels killed at least 35 civilians during an attack on 7 June in <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/06/12/actualite/securite/au-moins-35-civils-tues-dans-une-attaque-attribuee-aux-adf-banango" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Lubero territory</span></a>, Nord-Kivu province.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Wazalendo militants in South Kivu are <a href="https://www.sosmediasburundi.org/2025/06/13/bukavu-les-banyamulenge-continuent-detre-victimes-dexactions-de-la-part-des-wazalendo/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">targeting Banyamulenge civilians</span></a>, due to their purposed association to Rwanda and M23.&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Speaking at the Human Rights Council, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/06/1164466" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Volker Türk, said</span></a> that human rights violations in eastern Congo could amount to war crimes.&nbsp;</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Although the UN’s Human Rights Council launched a Fact-Finding Mission in February to be followed by an independent Commission of Inquiry to investigate abuses committed by all parties to the conflict, Türk announced that due to the UN’s financial crisis, setting up the Commission of Inquiry would <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/06/17/dr-congo-investigations-needed-more-than-ever" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">likely be delayed until 2026</span></a>.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:12px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>ARMED CONFLICT</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The Congolese armed forces (FARDC) have <a href="https://election-net.com/article/rdc-face-au-m23-kinshasa-muscle-son-arsenal-militaire" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">received more than 100 new armored vehicles</span></a> supplied by the UAE company International Golden Group. Several of these vehicles are intended to be deployed in the eastern provinces; a military source speaks of a ‘quantum leap in the army’s response capabilities against increasingly structured enemies’. FARDC are also adding <a href="https://www.africaintelligence.com/central-africa/2025/06/20/army-adds-turkish-bayraktar-drones-to-its-arsenal,110467192-bre" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Turkish drones</span></a> to their arsenal.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Uganda and the DRC have <a href="https://ugdiplomat.com/breaking-cdf-gen-muhoozi-tshisekedi-ink-mou-to-extend-operation-shujaa-mandate/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">formally extended their joint operations </span></a>(‘Operation Shujaa’) in eastern DRC during a high-level bilateral meeting in Kinshasa with a Ugandan delegation led by General Muhoozi Kainerugaba, Uganda’s Chief of Defence Forces (and the Ugandan president’s son). The renewed MoU allows for the <a href="https://www.plenglish.com/news/2025/06/22/armed-forces-of-drc-and-uganda-to-increase-military-operations/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">expansion of the intervention zones</span></a> to the Mambasa territory in Ituri province. Observers suggest that&nbsp; Uganda’s military operations in DRC may be <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/6/17/are-commercial-interests-driving-ugandas-military-operations-in-dr-congo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">driven by economic interests</span></a>.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">FARDC are still fighting against Thomas Lubanga’s <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/convicted-war-criminal-lubanga-announces-new-rebel-group-east-congo-2025-03-31/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">recently-created CRP </span></a>(Convention for the People’s Revolution) in <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/06/18/actualite/securite/ituri-cinq-miliciens-de-la-crp-tues-lors-daffrontements-contre-les" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Ituri province</span></a>, who has formed an alliance with the Zaire militia.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Clashes between M23 and Wazalendo are ongoing in North Kivu and South Kivu (especially <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/06/19/actualite/securite/bukavu-affrontements-entre-les-wazalendo-et-le-m23-aux-abords-de-la" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">around Bukavu</span></a>), where <a href="https://larelevemedia.wordpress.com/2025/06/21/%e2%96%8ele-groupe-arme-wazalendo-face-au-afc-m23-une-crise-humanitaire-a-bukavu/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">civilians are suffering</span></a> from the fallout of fighting.&nbsp;</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:22px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">The ICRC is warning that the health care systems of North and South Kivu province are <a href="https://www.icrc.org/en/news-release/drc-health-care-system-verge-collapse-north-south-kivu" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">on the verge of collapse</span></a> in an alarming report. The organization points out, for example, a fourfold increase in stillbirths; and a 172% rise&nbsp; in the number of wounded people treated in its hospitals in the first quarter of 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;" class="">MSF reports an <a href="https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/latest/alarming-levels-sexual-violence-eastern-drc" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">alarming number of victims of sexual violence</span></a>, treating more than 7,400 patiens between January and April 2025 in Goma.</p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;" class="">Civil society is warning of <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/06/20/actualite/societe/sud-kivu-la-societe-civile-de-kalehe-alerte-sur-la-famine-qui-sevit" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">looming famine in Kalehe territory</span></a>, South Kivu, due to reduced agricultural production caused by ongoing conflict and adverse climate conditions.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:22px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>DISPLACEMENT</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Congolese refugees in Rwanda have been <a href="https://www.sosmediasburundi.org/2025/06/18/mahama-rwanda-des-refugies-congolais-rentrent-discretement-en-rdc-en-dehors-de-tout-cadre-officiel/?tztc=1" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">quietly returning to the DRC</span></a>, without any oversight from UNHCR or the Rwandan ministry in charge of refugees. According to staff at the Mahama camp,&nbsp; more than 80% of Congolese refugees have left some of the camp’s villages—some reportedly with the intention of joining M23.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Human Rights Watch denounces what M23 refers to as repatriation of refugees to Rwanda (see last newsletter) as <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/06/18/dr-congo-m23-armed-group-forcibly-transferring-civilians" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">‘forced transfers’ and ‘deportations’</span></a>, in violation of the 1949 Geneva Conventions.&nbsp;</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>PEACE PROCESSES</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">As the anticipated signing of a peace agreement between DRC and Rwanda representatives approaches on 27 June,, following negotiations mediated by the U.S.,, the ‘Pamoja Kwa Amani’ (Together for Peace) civil society consortium issued a press release <a href="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/66ad0be8ed0f4b24dda66a3a/t/685a20391d76a911609a85cd/1750736953194/COMMUNIQUE+DE+PRESSE+002_2025+RELATIFS+AUX+POURPARLERS+DE+WASHINGTON+ENTRE+LA+RDC+ET+LE+RWANDA+%281%29.pdf" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">calling on specific measures</span></a> to alleviate civilian suffering.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:22px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:32px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>DOMESTIC POLITICS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">After the National Assembly authorized the public prosecutor at the Court of Cassation to bring charges against him, the Minister of Justice, Constant Mutamba, <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2025/06/19/rdc-menace-de-poursuites-le-ministre-de-la-justice-annonce-sa-demission_6614601_3212.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">announced his resignation</span></a> and denounced a ‘political plot orchestrated by Kigali’.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p></li></ul><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:10pt;" class="">President Tshisekedi met with <a href="https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1699785/politique/rdc-felix-tshisekedi-recoit-les-religieux-et-pose-ses-conditions/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">representatives of the Catholic and Protestant Churches</span></a> on 21 June, who have been advocating for&nbsp; a nation-wide dialogue to put an end to the ongoing crisis in eastern DRC. Relations&nbsp; between the Presidency and the religious leaders had been tense since their meeting with M23 leadership in Goma earlier this year. The meeting resulted in&nbsp; the establishment of a presidential task-force in charge of exploring the proposed dialogue initiative.&nbsp;</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:22px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:32px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>BUSINESS, MINERALS &amp; INFRASTRUCTURE</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Fishers from Kongo-Central province have <a href="https://beto.cd/actualite/encontinu/2025/06/17/kongo-central-des-pecheurs-rejettent-le-projet-inga-3-et-alertent-sur-les-risques-ecologiques.html/186303/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">voiced their opposition to the Inga III project</span></a>, citing the possible negative ecological impacts of the plan which would affect marine ecosystems and fishing livelihoods.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Amnesty International and the Initiative for Good Governance and Human Rights condemned in a joint press conference in Lubumbashi on 13 June <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/06/16/actualite/societe/kolwezi-des-ong-denoncent-les-expulsions-forcees-liees-lexploitation" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">the forced evictions and mass relocations taking place in Kolwezi</span></a> in connection with&nbsp; mining activities.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Officials from the U.S., U.K. and DRC inaugurated the <a href="https://www.streetinsider.com/PRNewswire/US%2C+UK%2C+and+Congolese+officials+inaugurate+Kiswishi+City+Special+Economic+Zone/24939920.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">country’s&nbsp; first Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in Kiswishi</span></a>, with the opening of a USD 50 million Pepsi bottling plant and a Congo Petrol fuel depot, marking a significant step in industrial investment and economic development.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Heineken announced it had <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/heineken-loses-operational-control-facilities-congos-war-hit-east-2025-06-20/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">lost operational control</span></a> of its facilities in Bukavu and Goma and had withdrawn all staff, stating that ‘armed personnel’ had taken over.<br></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">DRC authorities announced on 21 June a <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/congo-extends-cobalt-export-ban-by-three-months-2025-06-21/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">three-month extension of the ban on cobalt exports</span></a> as part of efforts to regulate the market. A <a href="https://smartlink.ausha.co/actualitecd/qui-perd-qui-gagne-ep-8-la-suspension-de-l-exportation-du-cobalt" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">recent podcast episode</a>, produced by Congolese news outlet Actualite.cd in collaboration with Resource Matters, explores the implications of this measure.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>GREAT LAKES AND REGIONAL DYNAMICS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Burundi’s ruling party, CNDD-FDD, <a href="https://www.rfi.fr/fr/en-bref/20250611-burundi-le-parti-au-pouvoir-remporte-tous-les-si%C3%A8ges-aux-l%C3%A9gislatives" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">won all seats</span></a> in the 5 June legislative elections, a vote that observers and opposition parties claim was marred by irregularities.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class=""></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Rwandan authorities have <a href="https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20250620-le-rwanda-arr%C3%AAte-victoire-ingabire-principale-opposante-%C3%A0-paul-kagame-accus%C3%A9e-de-complot" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">arrested leading opposition figure Victoire Ingabire</span></a> on 19 June, accusing her of ‘criminal association and public incitement to oppose the government’.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:32px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>REPORTING AND ANALYSIS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">An analysis by ACLED on Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) violence reveals how the group has taken advantage of the Congolese military’s focus on M23 to <a href="https://acleddata.com/2025/06/18/as-m23-rebels-take-hold-of-eastern-congo-the-islamic-state-is-capitalizing-on-the-chaos/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">carry out mass killings against civilians</span></a> and further entrench its presence in the territories it claims to control.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">A Foreign Affairs piece authored by Joshua Walker, Reagan Miviri and Jason Stearns explores whether <a href="https://www.foreignaffairs.com/democratic-republic-congo/could-africas-forever-war-finally-end?check_logged_in=1&amp;utm_medium=promo_email&amp;utm_source=lo_flows&amp;utm_campaign=article_link&amp;utm_term=article_email&amp;utm_content=20250619" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">U.S. diplomacy could actually help bring peace to the DRC</span></a>.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">IPIS published a piece analyzing <a href="https://ipisresearch.be/publication/m23s-territorial-advances-in-may-from-doha-to-goma-the-disconnect-between-diplomacy-and-reality-in-eastern-congo/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">M23’s territorial advances in May</span></a>, underlining the disconnect between the ongoing peace processes and negotiations and the reality on the group.</p><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class=""></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">In the <a href="https://newleftreview.org/sidecar/posts/causes-of-war" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">New Left Review</span></a>, Jason Stearns examines the causes of the crisis in the East, surveying ‘the desire of neighboring countries to project power and influence in the DRC; the crippling weakness of the Congolese state; and the relationship between the current crisis and the world economy’.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">IRIS published a report on <a href="https://www.iris-france.org/les-obstacles-subsistant-a-la-realisation-du-corridor-de-lobito/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">the potential and current realities of the Lobito Corridor</span></a>, highlighting the numerous technical, political, and social barriers that continue to hinder its implementation. The report outlines that fully realizing the project will require not only significant infrastructure development but also the resolution of deeper structural challenges.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMACY</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">President Tshisekedi is attending the <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/06/23/actualite/politique/felix-tshisekedi-luanda-pour-participer-au-sommet-etats-unis-afrique" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">U.S.-Africa Business summit in Luanda</span></a>, where he is expected to meet with Massad Boulos, President Trump’s Special Adviser on Africa, and deliver a presentation on the Lobito corridor.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Joseph Kabila has <a href="https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1696739/politique/pourquoi-joseph-kabila-a-depeche-un-emissaire-a-washington/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">sent an emissary</span></a> to D.C., tasked with pleading his cause to American authorities, members of Congress and of the National Security Council.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">A recent op-ed in <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/why-nba-partnering-uae-rwanda-both-are-accused-fueling-massive-humanitarian-crises-opinion-2087466" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">Newsweek</span></a> calls on the NBA not to partner in Rwanda due to its role in the DRC conflict, denouncing ‘sportswashing’.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">The U.S. embassy in Kinshasa <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/06/19/actualite/politique/les-etats-unis-lancent-la-campagne-batir-lavenir-ensemble-en-rdc" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">launched a new PR campaign</span></a>, “Bâtir l’avenir ensemble” (Build the Future together) and <a href="https://x.com/USEmbKinshasa/status/1937080075440001293" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">reopened the American Center</span></a> in Gombe, Kinshasa.</p></li></ul>
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      <p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:center;" class="">If there is anything specifically you would like to see from this newsletter or if you have any feedback, we would love to hear from you. Please write to us at <a href="mailto:drcnews@paema.ngo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"><span style="font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;text-decoration:underline;">drcnews@paema.ngo</span></a> or leave a comment through this <a href="https://forms.gle/cwxXqsJDkgpDZMZb7" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">anonymous form</a>.</p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>EN BREF</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Bintou Keita, cheffe de la MONUSCO, <a href="https://monusco.unmissions.org/d%C3%A9claration-%C3%A0-la-presse-de-mme-bintou-keita-repr%C3%A9sentante-sp%C3%A9ciale-du-secr%C3%A9taire-g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral-des-nations" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">a rencontré le 13 juin les représentants du M23 à Goma</a>, marquant la première réunion entre la mission onusienne et la milice depuis la prise de Goma par le M23 en janvier 2025. Objectifs annoncés : « établir un contact » et discuter des moyens d’assurer la protection des civils.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">À la suite de pourparlers de paix à Washington entre des représentants des gouvernements congolais et rwandais, sous médiation américaine et supervision qatarie, <a href="https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesperson/2025/06/joint-statement-on-peace-talks-between-the-democratic-republic-of-the-congo-and-the-republic-of-rwanda-mediated-by-the-united-states-and-observed-by-the-state-of-qatar/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">un communiqué conjoint publié le 18 juin</a> annonce la signature prévue d’un accord de paix par les ministres des Affaires étrangères du Rwanda et de la RDC le 27 juin.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Le CICR alerte sur <a href="https://www.icrc.org/en/news-release/drc-health-care-system-verge-collapse-north-south-kivu" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">l’effondrement imminent des systèmes de santé au Nord et Sud-Kivu</a>, signalant une augmentation de 172 % des blessés pris en charge dans leurs centres et une multiplication par sept des victimes de violences sexuelles sexuelles nécessitant un soutien psychosocial par rapport à 2024.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>DROITS HUMAINS</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Des <a href="https://www.mediacongo.net/article-actualite-151816_bintou_keita_aux_civils_refugies_aux_bases_de_la_monusco_a_goma_l_evacuation_viendra_apres_compromis_entre_m23_et_gouvernement.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">dizaines de civils congolais sont toujours réfugiés</a> dans la base de la MONUSCO à Goma, cinq mois après la prise de la ville par le M23, sans plan d’évacuation prévu. Bintou Keita a déclaré que leur évacuation ne pourrait avoir lieu qu’en cas de compromis entre le M23 et le gouvernement.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Les rebelles ADF (<em>Allied Democratic Forces</em>) ont tué au moins 35 civils lors d’une attaque le 7 juin dans le territoire de Lubero (Nord-Kivu).</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Au Sud-Kivu, <a href="https://www.sosmediasburundi.org/2025/06/13/bukavu-les-banyamulenge-continuent-detre-victimes-dexactions-de-la-part-des-wazalendo/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">les miliciens Wazalendo ciblent les civils Banyamulenge</a>, accusés d’être liés au Rwanda et au M23.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Devant le Conseil des droits de l’homme, le Haut-Commissaire de l’ONU aux droits humains, <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/06/1164466" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">Volker Türk, a estimé que les violations dans l’est de la RDC pourraient constituer des crimes de guerre</a>.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">La mise en place d’une Commission d’enquête indépendante prévue à la suite d’une mission d’établissement des faits pour enquêter sur les violations des droits humains commises par les acteurs du conflit&nbsp;<a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/06/17/dr-congo-investigations-needed-more-than-ever" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">sera probablement reportée à 2026</a> en raison de la crise financière de l’ONU.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:12px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>CONFLIT ARM</strong>É</h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Les FARDC ont <a href="https://election-net.com/article/rdc-face-au-m23-kinshasa-muscle-son-arsenal-militaire" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">reçu plus de 100 véhicules blindés</a> fournis par la société émiratie International Golden Group, dont plusieurs seront déployés dans l’est du pays. Une source militaire évoque un « saut qualitatif » dans la capacité de réponse de l’armée, qui s’équipe également de <a href="https://www.africaintelligence.com/central-africa/2025/06/20/army-adds-turkish-bayraktar-drones-to-its-arsenal,110467192-bre" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">drones turcs</a>.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">L’Ouganda et la RDC ont <a href="https://ugdiplomat.com/breaking-cdf-gen-muhoozi-tshisekedi-ink-mou-to-extend-operation-shujaa-mandate/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">formellement prolongé l’opération conjointe « Shujaa »</a> dans l’est congolais, après une rencontre bilatérale à Kinshasa avec le général Muhoozi Kainerugaba. Le protocole renouvelé élargit la zone d’intervention <a href="https://www.plenglish.com/news/2025/06/22/armed-forces-of-drc-and-uganda-to-increase-military-operations/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">au territoire de Mambasa</a> (Ituri). Certains observateurs estiment que cette présence militaire ougandaise est au moins en partie&nbsp;<a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/6/17/are-commercial-interests-driving-ugandas-military-operations-in-dr-congo" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">motivée par des intérêts économiques</a>.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Les FARDC <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/06/18/actualite/securite/ituri-cinq-miliciens-de-la-crp-tues-lors-daffrontements-contre-les" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">poursuivent les combats</a> contre le CRP, mouvement armé <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/convicted-war-criminal-lubanga-announces-new-rebel-group-east-congo-2025-03-31/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">récemment créé par Thomas Lubanga</a>, allié à la milice Zaïre, en Ituri.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Les affrontements entre le M23 et les Wazalendo se poursuivent au Nord et au Sud-Kivu, <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/06/19/actualite/securite/bukavu-affrontements-entre-les-wazalendo-et-le-m23-aux-abords-de-la" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">notamment autour de Bukavu</a>, avec de <a href="https://larelevemedia.wordpress.com/2025/06/21/%e2%96%8ele-groupe-arme-wazalendo-face-au-afc-m23-une-crise-humanitaire-a-bukavu/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">lourdes conséquences</a> pour les civils.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:12px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>HUMANITAIRE</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Le CICR avertit que les systèmes de santé au Nord et Sud-Kivu sont <a href="https://www.icrc.org/en/news-release/drc-health-care-system-verge-collapse-north-south-kivu" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">en état d’effondrement</a>. On note, entre autres, une multiplication par quatre des mort-nés et une hausse de 172 % des blessés traités au premier trimestre 2025 par rapport à la même période en 2024.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">MSF rapporte avoir traité <a href="https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/latest/alarming-levels-sexual-violence-eastern-drc" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">plus de 7 400 victimes de violences sexuelles</a> entre janvier et avril 2025 à Goma et rapporte des niveaux&nbsp;“alarmants” de violences sexuelles.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">La société civile alerte sur <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/06/20/actualite/societe/sud-kivu-la-societe-civile-de-kalehe-alerte-sur-la-famine-qui-sevit" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">une famine imminente</a> dans le territoire de Kalehe (Sud-Kivu), en raison de la baisse de la production agricole causée par les conflits et les conditions climatiques.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>D</strong>É<strong>PLACEMENTS FORC</strong>É<strong>S</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Des réfugiés congolais <a href="https://www.sosmediasburundi.org/2025/06/18/mahama-rwanda-des-refugies-congolais-rentrent-discretement-en-rdc-en-dehors-de-tout-cadre-officiel/?tztc=1" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">rentrent discrètement du Rwanda vers la RDC</a>, sans supervision du HCR ni du ministère rwandais en charge des réfugiés. Dans certains villages du camp de Mahama, plus de 80 % des réfugiés seraient déjà partis, certains avec l’intention de rejoindre le M23.<br></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Human Rights Watch dénonce comme <a href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/06/18/dr-congo-m23-armed-group-forcibly-transferring-civilians" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">« transferts forcés » et « déportations »</a> ce que le M23 qualifie de rapatriement vers le Rwanda (voir <a href="https://www.paema.ngo/campaigns/view-campaign/-VblnUl202CvrsTfG-8YyTo9xuLan4U1BmGRmUDen4S3uA9nlSBOPmuCYZUIO2ZbKMQfCioPGX1lmW8N112_V0vrFOjJSWtz" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">la dernière newsletter</a>), en violation des Conventions de Genève de 1949.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>PROCESSUS DE PAIX</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Alors que la signature attendue d’un accord entre la RDC et le Rwanda est prévue pour le 27 juin, à l’issue d’une médiation américaine, le consortium « Pamoja Kwa Amani » (Ensemble pour la paix) <a href="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/66ad0be8ed0f4b24dda66a3a/t/685a20391d76a911609a85cd/1750736953194/COMMUNIQUE+DE+PRESSE+002_2025+RELATIFS+AUX+POURPARLERS+DE+WASHINGTON+ENTRE+LA+RDC+ET+LE+RWANDA+%281%29.pdf" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">appelle à des mesures concrètes</a> pour alléger les souffrances des civils.</p></li></ul>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>POLITIQUE INTÉRIEURE</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Le ministre de la Justice, Constant Mutamba, a <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2025/06/19/rdc-menace-de-poursuites-le-ministre-de-la-justice-annonce-sa-demission_6614601_3212.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">annoncé sa démission</a> après que l’Assemblée nationale a autorisé le procureur près la Cour de cassation à engager des poursuites contre lui, dénonçant un « complot politique orchestré par Kigali ».</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Le président Tshisekedi a rencontré le 21 juin les <a href="https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1699785/politique/rdc-felix-tshisekedi-recoit-les-religieux-et-pose-ses-conditions/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">représentants des Églises catholique et protestante</a>, favorables à l’organisation d’un dialogue national pour résoudre la crise dans l’Est. Cette rencontre, après des mois de tensions liées à la visite des religieux au M23, a conduit à la création d’une cellule présidentielle chargée d’examiner l’initiative de dialogue.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:12px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>BUSINESS, MINERAIS ET INFRASTRUCTURES</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">Des pêcheurs du Kongo-Central <a href="https://beto.cd/actualite/encontinu/2025/06/17/kongo-central-des-pecheurs-rejettent-le-projet-inga-3-et-alertent-sur-les-risques-ecologiques.html/186303/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">s’opposent au projet Inga III</a>, invoquant les conséquences écologiques néfastes pour les écosystèmes marins et leurs moyens de subsistance.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Amnesty International et l’Initiative pour la bonne gouvernance et les droits humains ont dénoncé le 13 juin à Lubumbashi <a href="https://www.radiookapi.net/2025/06/16/actualite/societe/kolwezi-des-ong-denoncent-les-expulsions-forcees-liees-lexploitation" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">les expulsions forcées à Kolwezi liées à l’exploitation minière</a>.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Des représentants des États-Unis, du Royaume-Uni et de la RDC ont <a href="https://www.streetinsider.com/PRNewswire/US%2C+UK%2C+and+Congolese+officials+inaugurate+Kiswishi+City+Special+Economic+Zone/24939920.html" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">inauguré la première Zone Économique Spéciale du pays à Kiswishi</a>, incluant une usine Pepsi de 50 millions USD et un dépôt Congo Petrol.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Heineken a <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/heineken-loses-operational-control-facilities-congos-war-hit-east-2025-06-20/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">annoncé la perte de contrôle</a> de ses installations à Bukavu et Goma, et le retrait de tout son personnel en raison de la prise des lieux par des « hommes armés ».</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Les autorités congolaises ont <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/congo-extends-cobalt-export-ban-by-three-months-2025-06-21/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">prolongé de trois mois l’interdiction d’exporter le </a>cobalt, pour mieux réguler le marché. Le média Actualité.cd, en partenariat avec Resource Matters, a <a href="https://smartlink.ausha.co/actualitecd/qui-perd-qui-gagne-ep-8-la-suspension-de-l-exportation-du-cobalt" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">publié un podcast</a> sur les implications de cette mesure.</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:32px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:12px;color:#faf9f4;background-color:#313131;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>GRANDS LACS ET DYNAMIQUES RÉGIONALES</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Le parti au pouvoir au Burundi, le CNDD-FDD,<a href="https://www.rfi.fr/fr/en-bref/20250611-burundi-le-parti-au-pouvoir-remporte-tous-les-si%C3%A8ges-aux-l%C3%A9gislatives" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;"> a remporté tous les sièges</a> lors des élections législatives du 5 juin, un scrutin entaché d’irrégularités selon les observateurs et l’opposition.</p></li></ul><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Les autorités rwandaises <a href="https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20250620-le-rwanda-arr%C3%AAte-victoire-ingabire-principale-opposante-%C3%A0-paul-kagame-accus%C3%A9e-de-complot" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">ont arrêté le 19 juin la cheffe de l’opposition Victoire Ingabire</a>, accusée d’« association de malfaiteurs » et d’« incitation publique à s’opposer au gouvernement ».</p></li></ul>
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell" style="padding-top:22px;padding-right:32px;padding-bottom:32px;padding-left:12px;color:#313131;background-color:#faf9f4;">
      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.275em;mso-line-height-alt:1.275em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Andale Mono', 'Lucida Console', 'DejaVu Sans Mono', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Liberation Mono', Courier, monospace;letter-spacing:.04em;text-align:center;"><strong>RAPPORTS ET ANALYSES</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list="default" style="padding-left:25px;"><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;" class="">ACLED publie une analyse montrant comment les ADF ont profité de la focalisation militaire congolaise sur le M23 pour <a href="https://acleddata.com/2025/06/18/as-m23-rebels-take-hold-of-eastern-congo-the-islamic-state-is-capitalizing-on-the-chaos/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">intensifier les massacres de civils</a> et renforcer leur implantation territoriale.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Dans <em>Foreign Affairs</em>, Joshua Walker, Reagan Miviri et Jason Stearns examinent le rôle que pourrait jouer <a href="https://www.foreignaffairs.com/democratic-republic-congo/could-africas-forever-war-finally-end?check_logged_in=1&amp;utm_campaign=article_link&amp;utm_content=20250619&amp;utm_medium=promo_email&amp;utm_source=lo_flows&amp;utm_term=article_email" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">la diplomatie américaine dans la recherche de paix</a> en RDC.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">L’IPIS <a href="https://ipisresearch.be/publication/m23s-territorial-advances-in-may-from-doha-to-goma-the-disconnect-between-diplomacy-and-reality-in-eastern-congo/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">analyse les avancées territoriales du M23</a> en mai, soulignant le décalage entre les processus de paix et la réalité militaire sur le terrain.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">Dans la <em><a href="https://ipisresearch.be/publication/m23s-territorial-advances-in-may-from-doha-to-goma-the-disconnect-between-diplomacy-and-reality-in-eastern-congo/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">New Left Review</a></em>, Jason Stearns explore les causes profondes de la crise dans l’Est, incluant l’ingérence des pays voisins, la faiblesse de l’État congolais, et le lien avec l’économie mondiale.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;height:1.618em;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"></p></li><li style="font-weight:normal;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;text-align:justify;white-space:normal !important;line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;" class="">L’IRIS publie un rapport sur <a href="https://www.iris-france.org/les-obstacles-subsistant-a-la-realisation-du-corridor-de-lobito/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#3d884c !important;">les enjeux du corridor de Lobito</a>, évoquant les obstacles techniques, politiques et sociaux qui freinent sa mise en œuvre, et appelant à un traitement des défis structurels de fond.</p></li></ul>
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